Keep Current with the Latest in Cell Biology Research

DHODH Inhibition Represents a Therapeutic Strategy and Improves Abiraterone Treatment in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

[Oncogene] The authors showed that dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), an enzyme crucial in the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway, was a promising therapeutic target for CRPC. The transcript levels of DHODH were significantly elevated in prostate tumors.

Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Suppresses the Expression of Androgen Receptor Variant 7 via Inhibition of CDK1 and AKT

[Oncogene] Scientists discovered that caffeic acid phenethyl ester could repress the expression and downstream signaling of AR-V7 in prostate cancer cells.

Macrod1 Suppresses Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via Regulating PARP1-NAD+-SIRT3 Pathway

[Acta Pharmacologica Sinica] A mice model was established by feeding a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Scientists showed that Macrod1 expression levels were significantly downregulated in cardiac tissue of diabetic cardiomyopathy mice.

Spatially Organized Cellular Communities Form the Developing Human Heart

[Nature] The authors integrated single-cell RNA-sequencing with high-resolution multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization to resolve the identity of the cardiac cell types that develop the human heart.

A Histone Methylation-MAPK Signaling Axis Drives Durable Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Hypoxic Pancreatic Cancer

[Cancer Research] Researchers showed that hypoxia drives long-lasting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PDAC primarily through a positive-feedback histone methylation-MAPK signaling axis.

Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Enhances NRF2 Protein Stability, Nuclear Localisation, and Target Gene Transcription in Pancreatic Beta Cells

[Redox Biology] Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Enhances NRF2 Protein Stability, Nuclear Localisation, and Target Gene Transcription in Pancreatic Beta Cells

PRODH Safeguards Human Naive Pluripotency by Limiting Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation and Reactive Oxygen Species Production

[EMBO Reports] Investigators reported that, proline dehydrogenase (PRODH), a mitochondria-localized proline metabolism enzyme, was dramatically upregulated in naive hESCs compared to their primed counterparts.

APOE4/4 Is Linked to Damaging Lipid Droplets in Alzheimer’s Disease Microglia

[Nature] Through single-nucleus RNA sequencing of brain tissue in Alzheimer’s disease, researchers have identified a microglial state defined by the expression of the lipid droplet-associated enzyme ACSL1 with ACSL1-positive microglia being most abundant in patients with Alzheimer’s disease having the APOE4/4 genotype.

Mitochondrial Complex I Activity in Microglia Sustains Neuroinflammation

[Nature] Using a multiomics approach, the authors identified a molecular signature that sustained the activation of microglia through mitochondrial complex I activity driving reverse electron transport and the production of reactive oxygen species.

Neuronal STING Activation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia

[Acta Neuropathologica] document neuronal activation of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway in human postmortem cortical and spinal motor neurons from individuals affected by familial or sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Neuropathogenesis-on-Chips for Neurodegenerative Diseases

[Nature Communications] The authors explore the interconnected pathogenic features of different types of neurodegenerative disease (ND), discuss the general strategy to modelling NDs using a microfluidic chip, and introduce the organoid-on-a-chip as the next advanced relevant model.

FAM83B Regulates Mitochondrial Metabolism and Anti-Apoptotic Activity in Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma

[Apoptosis] Multiple assays, such as CCK8, wound healing, EdU, and transwell assays, were employed to confirm the augmented chemotherapy resistance, heightened cell proliferation, migration, and invasion caused by FAM83B overexpression in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

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